There's no single Florida-wide rule for Airbnb
One of the most common mistakes foreign investors make is assuming that, because Florida is a tourist destination, short-term rental (under 30 days) is automatically legal in any property in the state. In reality, short-term rental regulation is decided by each CITY (sometimes each county in unincorporated areas), and it varies enormously.
There are cities built almost entirely around the short-term rental market (for example, vacation communities near the Orlando theme parks), and there are cities with very strict ordinances that ban or heavily restrict it in residential zones, with significant fines for non-compliance.
The HOA/condo can ban it even if the city allows it
Even if the municipal ordinance allows short-term rental, the condo association's or HOA's internal rules can ban it or require a minimum lease term (say, 6 or 12 months minimum) — and those internal rules apply regardless of what the city says.
This is especially common in luxury condo buildings, where many residents live there full-time and don't want constant short-term guest traffic in the building.
What to check BEFORE buying with short-term rental in mind
1) The specific city's short-term rental ordinance (not the county's, not 'Florida's' in general). 2) The condo/HOA documents (declaration, bylaws) to confirm whether leases under 30 days are allowed and under what conditions. 3) Whether a municipal license or registration is required, and the cost/time to obtain it.
If short-term rental is your main goal, verify this BEFORE making an offer, not after — switching to long-term rental after buying can completely change the expected return on the investment.